Global Handbook of Impact Investing : solving global problems via smarter capital markets towards a more sustainable society / edited by Elsa De Morais Sarmento and Paul R. Herman.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Contributors -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Introduction -- CHAPTER 1 Impact Investing: Innovation or Rebranding? -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Impact Investing: Clarifying the Concept -- The History of Impact Investing: The Birth of a New Term -- Challenging a Bifurcated System: Positive Impacts and Returns -- Types of Impact Investing: Financial-First versus Impact-First -- Impact Investing and Similar Practices: Where Do the Differences Lie? -- Impact Investing: A Response to a Changing Investment Environment -- Twenty‐First Century Investing: Features of the New Investment Environment -- Changing Demographics: Investment Practices Among Millennials -- A Nascent Industry: Upward Trends and Institutionalization -- A Global, Multibillion-Dollar Market -- Mechanisms for Institutionalization -- Key Features of Impact Investing -- A Sense of Community: The Impact Investing Culture -- Compatibility with Existing Models and Practices: Portfolios, Industry Standards, and Investment Priorities -- Flexible Investing for Broad Investor Interests and Needs -- Refining the "Good" Return: Financial and Social Considerations -- Helping Investors "Walk the Walk": Aligning Mission, Values, and Investments -- A Prudent Entrepreneurial Spirit: Experimentation and Mitigating Risks -- Impact Investing: Leverage for Development? -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 2 Investing for Impact: Socially Motivated Investors and Externalities -- Introduction -- A Conceptual Framework for Socially Motivated Investment Behavior -- Typology of Socially Motivated Investors -- Value Alignment -- Value Commitment -- Impact Investing -- Conclusion -- Disclaimer -- References.

CHAPTER 3 Place‐Based Impact Investing: Local and Regional Assets for Local and Regional Impact in Globally Diversified Portfolios -- Introduction -- Current State of Place‐Based Impact Investing Collaboratives -- Targeting Impact Through Place‐Based Impact Investing -- Aligning Place‐Based Impact Investing with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals -- Constructing Institutional Place‐Based Impact Investing Portfolios -- The Institutional Investor Portfolio -- Aligning Investments with Place: Identifying the Geographic Area for Intentional Impact -- A San Francisco Bay Area Example: The Bay Area Model Equity Strategy -- The Bay Area Model Equity Strategy -- The US Community Investing Index, by the F. B. Heron Foundation -- Building Place‐Based Impact Investing Portfolios -- Creating Investable Opportunities for Sustainable and Resilient Communities Through Inclusive Community Engagement -- Designing a Resilient Community in North Richmond, California -- Developing Investable Opportunities in a Community -- Connecting Investment Portfolios to the Investable Projects: A Center for Place‐Based Impact Investing -- Capital Stacks: Financing Local and Regional Projects -- Global Examples of Place‐Based Impact Investing Success -- Example 1: The State of Telangana, India -- Example 2: The City of Curitiba, Brazil -- Final Remarks and Key Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 4 How to Invest in Human Capital: Measuring and Integrating Human Capital Valuation to Realize Higher‐Impact Portfolios -- Why Impact Investors Should Care About Human Capital Valuation -- Methodology -- Measuring the Contribution of Human Capital to Returns -- Human Capital Valuation Methods -- Investor Methods for Capturing Monetary HCV -- The Heritage of Monetary Human Capital Valuation Methods -- Investment Strategies Using Monetary HCV.

Non‐Monetary Human Capital Valuation for Impact Investors -- Exemplary Ratings Systems That Feature Human Capital Valuation -- Non-Monetary Human Capital Metrics That Impact InvestorsCan Use in Custom Analyses -- Incorporating Data from Human Resources Management Systems -- Standards for Human Capital Valuation -- Integrating Human Capital into the Investment Process -- Examples of Human Capital Valuation Applied in Impact Investing -- Examples: Monetary Human Capital Valuation in Action -- Monetary HCV Example: Asian Company "BroadTek" Uses Human Capital Financial Statements to Calculate Returnson Workforce Investments -- Monetary HCV Example: Global Technology Company Infosys Uses Present Value of Compensation Method to CalculateReturns on Workforce Investments -- Examples: Using Non‐Monetary Human Capital Metrics to Guide Investment -- Example: Being a Global "Great Place to Work®" Creates Higher Growth -- Non-Monetary HCV Example: Indian Company HCL Technologies' "Employees First, Customers Second" Initiative Leads to Higher Growth and Economic Resilience -- Examples: Using Standards to Assess Whether Companies Value Human Capital -- HCV Standards Example: SASB Standard Used by PIMCO to Invest in Commercial Banks -- HCV Standards Example: How Novartis Used the "Social and Human Capital Protocol" to Calculate the Economic Value of Improving Health Across Africa -- HCV Standards Example: French Automaker Groupe PSA Demonstrates How Human Capital Contributes to Their Value Chain Using the International Integrated Reporting Framework -- HCV Standards Example: Managers of Australian Retirement Fund Assess and Adjust Holdings Using GRI Human Capital Guidelines -- Stock Indexes and Funds Built on Human Capital Metrics -- Looking Forward: New Human Capital Valuation Reporting Will Make Impact Investing Easier.

An Investor's Action Plan for Human Capital Valuation -- Conclusion -- Further Reading for Impact Investors -- Disclosure and Standards -- Human Capital Valuation Ratings -- Health and Safety -- References -- Appendix 4.1: Experts Interviewed -- Appendix 4.2: Human Capital Management Institute Monetary Human Capital Valuation Formulas -- Appendix 4.3: Human Capital Valuation Ratings Systems -- Appendix 4.4: Human Resource Metrics and Where to Find Them -- CHAPTER 5 Leadership by Results for Impact Investors and Investees -- Introduction -- The Impact Sector Underinvests in Leaders -- Leadership Is a Critical Lever to Deliver Results -- Impact Sector Chronically Underinvests in Leadership Development -- Sector Leaders Themselves Acknowledge Gaps -- The Wrong Metrics Lead to Underinvestment -- The "Leadership by Results" Approach -- Impact Investors Must Focus on Big Hairy Audacious Goals -- Triggers for Leadership Development Across the Investment Life Cycle -- Custom and Collective Journeys for the Top Team -- Mindsets, Not Just Skills -- Holistic Support -- Mindsets Can Tangibly Be Shifted Using Ontological and Phenomenological Models -- Use a Hurdle Rate for Impact and Financial Returns -- Other Practical Suggestions to Implement the "Leadership by Results" Approach -- Three Practical Frameworks and an Example -- Framework 1: Common Leadership Archetypes in the Impact Sector -- Mindsets and Attitudes -- Fixed Mindset Archetypes in the Impact Sector -- Extreme Deliberative or Extreme Implemental Mindset -- Other Impact Sector Leader Archetypes -- Framework 2: Leadership Team Effectiveness Framework -- Framework 3: Translation of Leaders' Goals into Return on Investment and Attribution -- Translation of Goal Achievements into Returns on Investment -- Attribution of Impact.

Institutionalized Leadership Development Support: The Case of LeapFrog Investments Talent Accelerator -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 6 Gender Lens Investing: Co‐Creating Critical Knowledge to Build a Credible, Durable Field -- Introduction -- Why Critical Knowledge Matters to Professional Fields -- Gender Lens Investing: Evolving Definitions -- A Professional Field with Visibility, Force, and Momentum -- Building a Larger, More Robust Field: Five Scaling Strategies -- Deepening the Empirical Knowledge Base: Four Themes -- Constructing a GLI Research Agenda Through 2030 -- Impact Investing Community‐University Research Partnerships -- Final Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CHAPTER 7 Investing with a Gender Lens: Uncovering Alpha Previously Overlooked -- Introduction -- Gender Lens Investing: Definitions, History, and Potential for a Growing Movement -- Definitions: What Is Gender Lens Investing? -- Origins and History of Gender Lens Investing -- Gender Lens Investing: A Growing Movement -- Factors Driving Investors to Adopt a Gender Lens -- GLI Intended Goals -- Benefits of Incorporating a Gender Lens in Investing: The Evidence -- Female Asset Managers Outperforming -- Women at the Top -- Board Representation -- Women Founders and Women-Led Startups -- How Impact Investors Can Pursue Gender Investing -- The United Nations Women's Empowerment Principles -- Key Ways to Leverage and Align Investment Portfolios with a Gender Lens -- Gender Lens Investing Examples Across Asset Classes -- Gender Lens Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Notes -- Gender Lens Public Fixed Income -- Gender Lens Fixed Income -- Gender Lens Private Debt -- Gender Lens Public Equities -- Gender Lens Global Equities -- Gender Lens Private Equity -- Startup Ventures with a Gender Lens -- Fund of Funds.

The Importance of an Investment Policy Statement for Gender Lens Investing.